Inflammation and its Types

                                                     Inflammation

     Inflammation  is biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli , such as pathogens ( bacteria , virus), damaged cells or irritants and its a protective response involving immune system cells , blood vessels and  many molecular mediators

 

 

acute vs chronic inflammation

 

Types Of Inflammation

 

1) Acute inflammation

2) Chronic inflammation

 

     

     

                  Acute inflammation 

  

 

 It is a short term process towards tissues injury usually occur in mints or hours . It is characterize by five cardinal signs ; pain ,immobility( lose of function), redness , swelling and heat .

 

Main  characteristics of acute inflammations  are

1) Exudation of fluid and plasma proteins

 2) Move  leukocytes towards injured part of body  ( Mostly Neutrophils ). 

Neutrophils are dominant cells in acute inflammation.

    

acute inflammation
inflammation

 

Components  

 

       Acute inflammation has three major components

 

1) Dilation of small blood vessels  leading towards  an increase in blood flow

2) Increase permeability of microvasculature

3) Emigration of leukocytes to leave micro- circulation

 

 Examples:  acute bronchitis, a sore throat from a cold or flu or an infected ingrown toenail

        

Chronic Inflammation

Chronic inflammation is a response of pro-longed duration ( weeks or months ) in which inflammation tissue injury and repairing attempts coexist in varying combination .

It may or may not follow acute inflammation.

 

In chronic inflammation mostly dominant cells are macrophages

 

chronic inflammation

Examples : 

•   Ucerative colitis and Crohn's disease
• asthma
• chronic  peptic ulcer
• tuberculosis
• rheumatoid arthritis
• active hepatitis.
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